Kazakhstan is a vast but sparsely populated former Soviet republic that is now an independent nation. The country was under the rule of the Mongols, was part of the Russian Empire of the Romanovs, and was then part of the Soviet Union before becoming an independent nation.
The name most associated with Kazakhstan is it's former president following independence, Nursultan Nazarbayev. The country is rich both in energy resources and in minerals.The way of life on the steppe area of Kazakhstan was traditionally nomadic, living in the round tents called yurts, but the largest city is Almaty, formerly known as Alma Ata.
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Here is more of the central area of Almaty.
https://www.google.com/maps/@43.2505776,76.950461,3a,75y,1.5h,92.93t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipMG58k4C5-wZusmfgG4szfRq5fDy5dNNPzReciC!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipMG58k4C5-wZusmfgG4szfRq5fDy5dNNPzReciC%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi-2.9338646-ya11.500023-ro-0-fo100!7i6912!8i3456
This is to the south of the central city area of Almaty.
https://www.google.com/maps/@43.2284246,76.9629379,3a,75y,1.5h,93t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipOORcJA38sY_4iPR5CVLEVGKJ6X8JNG9FJgLWt_!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipOORcJA38sY_4iPR5CVLEVGKJ6X8JNG9FJgLWt_%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi-2.9999962-ya349.5-ro-0-fo100!7i10240!8i5120
These are the mountains adjacent to Almaty. You can tell just by looking at the mountains how they were formed. A range of high mountains with sharp peaks, such as these, are formed by tectonic collision and are not volcanic. Volcanic activity can form a single high mountain, such as Ararat or Kilimanjaro, but when there is a range of volcanic mountains, they will be lower and rounded.
https://www.google.com/maps/@43.054015,76.9784783,3a,75y,3.26h,90t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipNYeteCyXFXzytZUj_BcxfT4RuoXmumigxRswRm!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipNYeteCyXFXzytZUj_BcxfT4RuoXmumigxRswRm%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi0-ya3.2645402-ro0-fo100!7i5656!8i2828
Astana was especially built as the capital city of Kazakhstan, in the same way as Brasilia and Canberra which we have visited. The following scenes are of the central city of Astana. Much of this area is still under construction. You can see the influence that Paris has on cities, there is a copy of the Arc de Triomphe all the way out here.
https://www.google.com/maps/@51.1036758,71.4249649,3a,75y,91.5h,92.93t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipMduOGTo_ZdhiMU3XcZW1wuuvh-h9vEpP2LAaBe!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipMduOGTo_ZdhiMU3XcZW1wuuvh-h9vEpP2LAaBe%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi-2.9338646-ya313.56094-ro-0-fo100!7i14000!8i7000
Here is more of central Astana.
https://www.google.com/maps/@51.109573,71.415667,3a,75y,320h,110t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipO4AC2IOJOr-dNbFIHMEmESBY1AOFtTBvy8RzQK!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipO4AC2IOJOr-dNbFIHMEmESBY1AOFtTBvy8RzQK%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi-20-ya320-ro-0-fo100!7i12000!8i6000
This is further away from the central part of Astana.
https://www.google.com/maps/@51.1555723,71.4323776,3a,75y,310.5h,96.94t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipPz-TPyxOE4KaDC_uVaTcLTqe8dHfouvtQ7THSA!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipPz-TPyxOE4KaDC_uVaTcLTqe8dHfouvtQ7THSA%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi-6.941883-ya310.5-ro-0-fo100!7i12868!8i6434
The northern part of Astana is more of a residential and business area.
https://www.google.com/maps/@51.1953653,71.4074267,3a,75y,240h,100t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipN-fh7tAyN6LYRSJMVGs_K4m8gKIW8GQ2f61OTD!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipN-fh7tAyN6LYRSJMVGs_K4m8gKIW8GQ2f61OTD%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi-10-ya240-ro0-fo100!7i12868!8i6434
The first satellite, Sputnik, and the first human, Yuri Gagarin, that was launched into orbit from earth were launched from Kazakhstan. The reason that the Soviets' Baikonour Cosmodrome was located here is, of course, the vast open spaces made it less likely that a rocket would land on a populated area if something went wrong with the launch. The following scenes are of a museum of the Soviet Space Program.
https://www.google.com/maps/@45.909472,63.3180281,3a,75y,349.5h,92.93t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipOzqJI4OBDjNWXkMLS1fccp2TpdrGG_u_eU3vk_!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipOzqJI4OBDjNWXkMLS1fccp2TpdrGG_u_eU3vk_%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi-4.467352-ya349.1922-ro-3.7553082-fo100!7i5376!8i2688
This is some scenes of the actual launch pads at Baikonour. Russia now has a new launch site in Siberia and so will no longer need this one in Kazakhstan. But this will be forever a part of history.
https://www.google.com/maps/@45.9200912,63.3389296,3a,75y,91.5h,92.93t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipNuC-2ez2BaYCXCe_yrng7Z84q1F3zsvEw2BwM!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipNuC-2ez2BaYCXCe_yrng7Z84q1F3zsvEw2BwM%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi-2.9338646-ya0.4604024-ro-0-fo100!7i6000!8i3000
The city of Kurchatov is adjacent to the Semipalatinsk Test Site, where more than four hundred nuclear weapons were detonated. In a continuous effort to perfect nuclear weapons, the Soviet Union tested a bomb here on average about once every six weeks. The vast and sparsely populated landscape of Kazakhstan made it ideal as not only the place to launch spacecraft but also for nuclear tests.
https://www.google.com/maps/@50.75277,78.5497378,3a,75y,140h,110t/data=!3m8!1e1!3m6!1sAF1QipOCczVuhxzxdSoB-c38QKKxuWTjha-R9Xs6dIwy!2e10!3e11!6shttps:%2F%2Flh5.googleusercontent.com%2Fp%2FAF1QipOCczVuhxzxdSoB-c38QKKxuWTjha-R9Xs6dIwy%3Dw203-h100-k-no-pi-20-ya177.29333-ro0-fo100!7i7168!8i3581
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