This isn't anything breakthrough but I haven't seen it explained before.
When two objects are on course to meet, the Preferred Interaction Mechanism is electromagnetic and a collision is secondary. A collision will occur only when it is not possible to resolve the interaction electromagnetically. Whether that is possible depends on the presence of electric charges. If electric charges are present then the interaction will be resolved electromagnetically. In atoms, the electric charges ordinarily balance out so that there is no net charge. It is only then that the interaction will be resolved by collision.
If two particles of like charge, such as two electrons, are moving toward each other there will be no collision between them because it will be prevented by their mutual repulsion. But some electromagnetic radiation will be produced so that the interaction will be resolved electromagnetically.
If two objects of equal mass, one composed of matter and the other of antimatter, are moving toward each other neither will there be a collision. The two objects will mutually annihilate in a burst of electromagnetic radiation without a "collision", in which momentum is transferred from one object to the other but the total momentum must be conserved. Again the interaction will be resolved electromagnetically.
But if two objects, both composed of atoms of matter, are moving toward each other a collision will occur. The momentum will take on a new pattern, as it is transferred from one object to the other, but the total momentum must be conserved. The collision may not be a perfect "textbook" collision, as elasticity in the objects may be a factor and some of the momentum may be transformed into noise but the total momentum must be conserved.
This means that the interaction has been resolved by collision, rather than electromagnetically. This only happens if the interaction doesn't involve net electric charges, as when the objects are composed of electrically neutral atoms. This is why lightning produces electromagnetic waves but an earthquake doesn't. A nuclear explosion produces electromagnetic radiation because atoms are broken apart.
The fact that an interaction can be resolved either electromagnetically or by collision shows that my cosmology theory must be correct. In the physics of a collision, momentum must be conserved. Momentum is transferred from one object to another but the total momentum must be conserved. But if it could also be resolved electromagnetically, that can only mean that the matter of the objects themselves must be electromagnetic in nature.
In my cosmology theory, everything in the universe consists of negative and positive electric charges. Space is a checkerboard of alternating negative and positive charges, in multiple dimensions. Opposite charges attract while like charges repel but these two rules can be overcome, to some extent, by energy. Energy overcoming the repulsion between like charges results in the collections of like charges that we see as charged particles, such as electrons. The energy in the matter shows up as mass, that we refer to as the Mass-Energy Equivalence. Energy overcoming the attraction between opposite charges creates electromagnetic radiation.
Electromagnetism is the Preferred Interaction Mechanism but electromagnetic radiation can only be produced by net electric charges. This is why a car crash or an ordinary explosion produces no electromagnetic radiation but lightning or a nuclear explosion does. When there are no net electric charges, as when the objects in collision are composed of atoms, the interaction will be resolved by collision.
But just as total momentum must be conserved in a collision, the total displacement of electric charges from the checkerboard pattern of empty space must be conserved if the interaction is resolved electromagnetically. During a matter-antimatter reaction, both masses vanish in a tremendous burst of energy. What is happening is that the energy that was holding both masses together, against the mutual repulsion of like charges, is turned to opposing the attraction of opposite charges. This releases the energy, formerly the Mass-Energy Equivalence, and the energy is released as electromagnetic radiation while the charges that were formerly in each mass rearrange back into the alternating checkerboard pattern of empty space.
The universe as we know it depends on the exchange of momentum that takes place in collisions, but also on the electromagnetic radiation that is released when no collision takes place. The universe is as it is because of the existing balance between the two. When atoms are crunched together, by the tremendous heat and gravity inside a star, that doesn't count as a collision and, since the arrangement of the charged particles composing the atoms are disrupted, electromagnetic radiation is released. Electrons are crunched into protons to create neutrons. This is why stars shine.
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